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- (c) Copyright 1992 Commodore-Amiga, Inc. All rights reserved.
- The information contained herein is subject to change without notice,
- and is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, either expressed
- or implied. The entire risk as to the use of this information is
- assumed by the user.
-
- Expanding RAM on the Amiga 4000
-
-
- by Adam Levin-Delson
-
- Commodore currently sells the Amiga 4000 with two megabytes of Chip
- RAM and four megabytes of Fast RAM. Chip RAM refers to memory that
- both the CPU and the Amiga's custom chips can access directly. The
- custom chips cannot directly access Fast RAM. Two megabytes is the
- maximum amount of Chip RAM that the computer can presently access,
- but Fast RAM can be upgraded to a maximum of either four or 16
- megabytes, depending upon the type of RAM used.
-
-
- Memory Layout
-
- All the A4000's RAM is packaged in SIMM (single in-line memory
- module) format, which is easy to handle, making upgrading a simple
- procedure. A single four-megabyte SIMM is used to give the Amiga its
- four megabytes of Fast RAM. This leaves three more Fast RAM SIMM
- slots, each capable of holding another four megabytes for a total of
- eight, twelve, or the maximum of sixteen megabytes of Fast RAM. It
- is possible to use less expensive one megabyte SIMMs as Fast RAM, but
- since SIMM types cannot be mixed this would require the removal of
- the existing four-megabyte SIMM. Since there are only four SIMM
- slots, using one-megabyte SIMMs would yield a maximum of four
- megabytes of memory.
-
- The single slot for Chip RAM is unique in that it has no neighboring
- slot to its right. This allows the use of a double-sided SIMM (with
- chips on both sides), instead of the single-sided SIMMs as required
- by the spacing of the Fast RAM SIMM slots. A single two-megabyte
- SIMM is used to give the Amiga its two megabytes of Chip RAM. This
- SIMM may be removed and a one-megabyte SIMM used in its place, giving
- a total of one megabyte of Chip RAM.
-
-
- Adding Memory
-
- Adding SIMMs to the existing Fast RAM requires no additional action.
- Changing from four megabyte to one megabyte SIMMs (or vice versa)
- requires changing a jumper on the motherboard. This jumper (J852) is
- on the left side of the motherboard (the same side as the SIMM slots
- are on). It is labelled ``SIMM SIZE'' and has two positions: ``256K
- x 32'' and ``1M x 32''. Jumper the ``256K'' pin and the center pin
- for one megabyte SIMMs, the ``1M'' pin and the center pin for four
- megabyte SIMMs.
-
- No jumper change is required when switching between one-megabyte and
- two-megabyte Chip RAM SIMMs.
-
-
- SIMM Specifications
-
- Each one megabyte Fast RAM SIMM must meet the following specifications:
-
- physical: 72-pin, single-sided SIMM with a maximum height of
- one inch (If this SIMM is to be used as Chip RAM,
- it may be double-sided).
- electrical: 80-nanosecond DRAM, 256 kilobytes by 32 bits or 256
- kilobytes by 36 bits.
-
-
- Each two megabyte Fast RAM SIMM must meet the following specifications:
-
- physical: 72-pin, SIMM with a maximum height of one inch (This SIMM
- is only suitable as Chip RAM. As such, it may be
- double-sided).
- electrical: 80-nanosecond DRAM, 512 kilobytes by 32 bits or 512
- kilobytes by 36 bits.
-
-
- Each four megabyte Fast RAM SIMM must meet the following specifications:
-
- physical: 72-pin, single-sided SIMM with a maximum height of one
- inch.
- electrical: 80-nanosecond DRAM, 1 megabyte by 32 bits or 1 megabyte
- by 36bits.
-
- The ``by 36 bits'' parts are overkill in that only the first 32 bits
- are used, but they may be more readily available than the ``by 32
- bits'' parts.
-
-
- Amiga 4000 Block Diagram
-
- Below is a block diagram of a production A4000 motherboard. It shows
- the approxomate position of most of its major chips and most of the
- jumpers that may be of interest to delelopers.
-
- J100/J104 - Both are three pin jumpers. Together, these jumpers
- determine the source of the CPU clock. For both J100 and J104, if
- pins 1 and 2 are connected, the CPU daughterboard uses the internal
- clock on the motherboard. If pins 2 and 3 are connected, the
- daughterboard uses its own clock. As the 68040 daughterboard has its
- own clock, pins 2 and 3 are the default. These two jumpers must be
- set to the same clock!
-
- J212 - This is a three pin jumper. If pins 1 and 2 are connected,
- the system defaults to an NTSC system. If pins 2 and 3 are
- connected, the system defaults to a PAL system.
-
- J351 - This is a two pin shunt. If it is closed, the system will
- assume floppy drive DF1: is a 880K floppy drive. If it is open, the
- system assumes DF1: is a 1.76M floppy drive.
-
- J850 - This is a two pin shunt. If it is closed, the system will use
- the DSACK signal to terminate a bus cycle. If it is open, the system
- will use the STERM signal.
-
- J852 - This is a three pin jumper. If pins 1 and 2 are connected,
- the system assumes that the Fast RAM SIMMs are 4 Megabyte SIMMs. If
- pins 2 and 3 are connected, the system assumes that the Fast RAM
- SIMMs are 1 Megabyte SIMMs.
-
-
- SIMM Manufacturers
-
- The following companies make the listed SIMMs which are known to work
- in the A4000. This list is not intended to endorse any particular
- manufacturer, nor to imply that other sources do not exist. This
- list is included solely for completeness of information.
-
-
-
- Part Commodore Manufacturer Manufacturer
- part number part number
-
- 1 megabyte SIMMs 391396-01 Motorola MCM32256S-80
- MCM32L256S-80
- Micron MT8D25632M-80
-
- 2 megabyte SIMMs 391517-01 Motorola MCM32512S-80
- Micron MT16D51232M-80
- Texas Instruments TM512CBK32-80
-
- 4 megabyte SIMMs 391518-01 Motorola MCM32100S-80
- Micron MT8D132M-80
- Texas Instruments TM124BBK32-80
-